Kushanduka kweMarori eMarara: Kubva paKudhonzwa neMhuka kusvika paMagetsi Akazara-1

Marori emarara imota dzekuchenesa dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakutakura marara emumaguta emazuva ano. Kubva pamarori emarara ekutanga aidhonzwa nemhuka kusvika kumarori emarara anhasi anoshandiswa nemagetsi, akangwara, uye ane ruzivo, chii chave chiri kuitwa pakugadzira marara aya?

Mavambo emarori emarara akatanga kuEurope kuma1920 nekuma1930. Marori emarara ekutanga aisanganisira ngoro inodhonzwa nemabhiza ine bhokisi, ichivimba nesimba revanhu nemhuka.

Mumakore ekuma1920 kuEurope, nekushandiswa kwemotokari zvakanyanya, marori emarara echinyakare akatsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nemarori emarara epamusoro-soro. Zvisinei, dhizaini yakavhurika yakaita kuti hwema hwema hwemarara hupararire zviri nyore munzvimbo yakapoteredza, hwakatadza kudzora guruva zvinobudirira, uye hwakakwezva zvipembenene zvakaita semakonzo neumhutu.

Nekuwedzera kweruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, Europe yakaona kuwedzera kwemarori emarara akafukidzwa, ayo aive nechirongo chisingapindi mvura uye muchina wekusimudza. Pasinei nekuvandudzwa uku, kurodha marara kwakaramba kuri basa guru, zvichiita kuti vanhu vasimudze mabhini kusvika pamapfudzi.

Gare gare, maGerman akagadzira pfungwa itsva yemarori emarara anotenderera. Marori aya aisanganisira mudziyo we spiral wakafanana nemuchina wekusanganisa simende. Muchina uyu waibvumira zvinhu zvikuru, zvakaita sematerevhizheni kana fenicha, kuti zvipwanywe uye zviunganidzwe pamberi pechirongo.

Mushure meizvi kwakava nemotokari yemarara inodzvinyirirwa kumashure yakagadzirwa muna 1938, iyo yakabatanidza zvakanakira marori emarara emhando yefunnel ekunze nemasilinda ehydraulic kuti afambise tireyi yemarara. Dhizaini iyi yakawedzera zvikuru kugona kwemotokari kudzvinyirirwa, ichiwedzera kugona kwayo.

Panguva iyoyo, imwe dhizaini yakakurumbira yaive rori yemarara inotakura marara padivi. Yaiva nechikamu chakasimba chekuunganidza marara, uko marara aikandwa muburi riri parutivi rwechirongo. Silinda yehydraulic kana kuti plate yekumanikidza yaizosundira marara kumashure kwechirongo. Zvisinei, rudzi urwu rwerori rwakanga rusina kukodzera kutakura zvinhu zvikuru.

Pakati pemakore ekuma1950, Kambani yeMarori eDumpster yakagadzira rori remarara raitakura marara pamberi, iro raive repamusoro-soro panguva iyoyo. Raive neruoko rwemuchina rwaigona kusimudza kana kudzikisa gaba, zvichideredza zvakanyanya basa remaoko.