Ndezvipi Zvikamu Zvitatu zveMagetsi zveMotokari Itsva dzeSisitimu?

 

Mota itsva dzinoshandisa simba dzine matekinoroji matatu akakosha ayo mota dzechinyakare dzisina. Kunyange zvazvo mota dzechinyakare dzichishandisa zvikamu zvikuru zvitatu, kune mota dzemagetsi chete, chikamu chakakosha zvikuru masisitimu adzo matatu emagetsi: mota, mota inodzora mota (MCU), uye bhatiri.

1. Mota:
   Inowanzozivikanwa se "injini," mota iyi inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu zvemotokari dzemagetsi:

Mota yeDC: Iyi inoshandisa mota yeDC yakakweshwa inodzorwa necircuit yechopper.

• Zvakanakira: Chimiro chiri nyore uye kudzora kuri nyore. Yaive imwe yenzira dzekare dzekufambisa mota dzaishandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi.
• Zvakashata: Kushanda zvishoma uye hupenyu hupfupi.

Mota Inopinza AC: Inoshandisa dhizaini ine macoil nesimbi. Kana magetsi emagetsi achifamba nemumacoil, simba remagineti rinogadzirwa, iro rinochinja divi nehukuru nemagetsi.

• Zvakanakira: Mutengo wakaderera.
• Zvakashata: Kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda. Kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri.

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM): Inoshanda zvichibva pamutemo we electromagnetism. Kana yapihwa simba, ma coil emota anogadzira simba remagineti, uye nekuda kwekudzorwa kwemagineti emukati, ma coil anotanga kutenderera.

• Kambani yedu inoshandisa mota dzePMSM, dzinozivikanwa nekushanda kwadzo kwepamusoro, saizi yadzo diki, dzakareruka, uye kutonga kwadzo kwakarurama.

2. Chigadziko Chekudzora Magetsi (ECU):
   ECU yemotokari dzemagetsi inobatanidza nebhatiri remagetsi riri kumberi nemota inotyaira iri kumashure. Basa rayo nderekushandura direct current (DC) kuita alternating current (AC) uye kupindura zviratidzo zvekudzora kubva kucontroller yemotokari kuti idzore kumhanya nesimba rinodiwa.
3. 
4. Bhatiri:
   Mwoyo wemotokari itsva ine simba ibheteri remagetsi. Kazhinji kune mhando shanu dzemabhatiri dziripo pamusika:

Bhatiri reLead-Acid:

• Zvakanakira: Mutengo wakaderera, kushanda zvakanaka kana tembiricha yakaderera, uye kushanda zvakanaka pamutengo wayo.
• Zvakashata: Simba shoma, hupenyu hupfupi, saizi yakakura, uye kuchengetedzwa kwakashata.
• Mashandisirwo: Nekuda kwekushomeka kwesimba uye hupenyu hushoma, mabhatiri ane lead-acid anowanzo shandiswa mumotokari dzinomhanya zvishoma.

Bhatiri reNickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH):

• Zvakanakira: Mutengo wakaderera, tekinoroji yekare, hupenyu hurefu, uye kugara kwenguva refu.
• Zvakashata: Simba shoma, saizi yakakura, voltage shoma, uye inogona kukanganiswa nekurangarira. Ine simbi dzinorema, dzinogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kana dzikaraswa.
• Mashandisirwo: Inoshanda zviri nani kupfuura mabhatiri ane lead-acid.

Bhatiri reLithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4):

• Zvakanakira: Mutengo wakaderera, kuchengetedzeka kwakanaka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwetembiricha shoma yezvinhu zvakanaka zvemaerekitirodhi.
• Zvakashata: Zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana, zvinokanganisa kuora uye kugadzira magasi, kukurumidza kuora kwehupenyu hwese hwema cycle, kusashanda zvakanaka pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye hupenyu hupfupi.
• Mashandisirwo: Inonyanya kushandiswa mumaseru emabhatiri epakati nepakati kusvika makuru emabhatiri emagetsi, ane voltage ye3.7V.

Bhatiri reLithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4):

• Zvakanakira: Kugadzikana kwekupisa kwakanaka, kuchengetedzeka, mutengo wakaderera, uye hupenyu hurefu.
• Zvakashata: Simba shoma, inonzwa tembiricha yakaderera.
• Mashandisirwo: Pakupisa kuri pakati pe500-600°C, zvikamu zvemakemikari zvemukati zvinotanga kuora. Hazvipise kana kuputika kana zvaboorwa, zvapfupikiswa, kana kuti zvasangana nekupisa kwakanyanya. Zvakare zvine hupenyu hwakareba. Zvisinei, kutyaira kwaro kunowanzova kushoma. Hazvina kukodzera kuchaja kana kuchitonhora munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe.

Bhatiri reLithium-ion (Li-ion):

• Zvakanakira: Simba rakawanda, hupenyu hwenguva refu, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwazvo kana tembiricha yakaderera.
• Zvakashata: Kusagadzikana kwakakwana pakupisa kwakanyanya.
• Mashandisirwo: Yakakodzera mota dzemagetsi dzine zvinodiwa chaizvo pakutyaira. Ndiyo nzira huru uye yakakodzera mamiriro ekunze anotonhora sezvo bhatiri rinoramba rakagadzikana pakupisa kwakaderera.

Kambani yedu inoshandisa mabhatiri e lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), ane puratifomu yemagetsi yakagadzikana, mashandisirwo esimba anoshanda zvakanaka, uye hapana kana thermal runaway (tembiricha yethermal runaway iri pamusoro pe800°C), zvichiita kuti pave nekuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya.

Pari zvino, kukurumidza kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi muChina kunoshamisa, zvichikonzera kukura kwemaguta kuburikidza netekinoroji. Ndinotenda kuti kana mumwe nemumwe wedu kuYiwei achitsungirira uye achishanda pamwe chete, tinogona kubatsira mukugadzira guta riri nani. Kuburikidza nekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva uye mashandisirwo anoshanda, tinogona kusimudzira indasitiri yehutsanana tichishandisa matekinoroji matsva ezvakatipoteredza.

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